[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1637},["ShallowReactive",2],{"article-\u002Farticles\u002Fhow-to-say-goodbye-in-mandarin":3},{"_path":4,"_dir":5,"_draft":6,"_partial":6,"_locale":7,"title":8,"description":9,"date":10,"author":11,"category":12,"tags":13,"body":18,"_type":1631,"_id":1632,"_source":1633,"_file":1634,"_stem":1635,"_extension":1636},"\u002Farticles\u002Fhow-to-say-goodbye-in-mandarin","articles",false,"","How to Say Goodbye in Mandarin: 再见 and the Casual Variants","How to say goodbye in Mandarin Chinese. Zai jian, bai bai, time-bounded goodbyes, formal sign-offs, and regional variations across mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore.","2026-06-05T00:00:00+00:00","Michael McGettrick","Methodology",[14,15,16,17],"mandarin phrases","mandarin vocabulary","chinese for beginners","goodbye",{"type":19,"children":20,"toc":1601},"root",[21,30,51,58,68,73,98,109,132,155,161,166,322,328,333,338,343,348,353,359,364,534,559,565,570,576,619,625,648,654,677,683,706,712,822,839,845,850,983,1002,1008,1013,1055,1060,1066,1072,1111,1117,1158,1164,1194,1200,1230,1236,1387,1393,1398,1431,1436,1442,1447,1512,1518],{"type":22,"tag":23,"props":24,"children":26},"element","h1",{"id":25},"how-to-say-goodbye-in-mandarin",[27],{"type":28,"value":29},"text","How to Say Goodbye in Mandarin",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":32,"children":33},"p",{},[34,36,42,44,49],{"type":28,"value":35},"The textbook answer is ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":38,"children":39},"strong",{},[40],{"type":28,"value":41},"zai jian",{"type":28,"value":43}," (再见) - \"goodbye\" (literally \"see again\"). It works in any context. But the everyday Mandarin departure register is broader than the single phrase: the casual English-loan ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":45,"children":46},{},[47],{"type":28,"value":48},"bai bai",{"type":28,"value":50}," dominates informal goodbyes, time-bounded \"see you tomorrow\" phrases are common, and the formal written register has its own conventions. This article covers the standard goodbye, the casual variants, the time-bounded phrases, the regional differences, and how to choose the right phrase for the situation.",{"type":22,"tag":52,"props":53,"children":55},"h2",{"id":54},"the-basic-goodbye",[56],{"type":28,"value":57},"The basic goodbye",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":59,"children":60},{},[61,66],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":62,"children":63},{},[64],{"type":28,"value":65},"Zai jian",{"type":28,"value":67}," (再见) - \"goodbye\" (literally \"again-see\").",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":69,"children":70},{},[71],{"type":28,"value":72},"The pronunciation:",{"type":22,"tag":74,"props":75,"children":76},"ul",{},[77,88],{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":79,"children":80},"li",{},[81,86],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":82,"children":83},{},[84],{"type":28,"value":85},"Zai4",{"type":28,"value":87}," (zai, fourth tone) - sharp falling.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":89,"children":90},{},[91,96],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":92,"children":93},{},[94],{"type":28,"value":95},"Jian4",{"type":28,"value":97}," (jian, fourth tone) - sharp falling.",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":99,"children":100},{},[101,103,107],{"type":28,"value":102},"Use ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":104,"children":105},{},[106],{"type":28,"value":41},{"type":28,"value":108}," for:",{"type":22,"tag":74,"props":110,"children":111},{},[112,117,122,127],{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":113,"children":114},{},[115],{"type":28,"value":116},"Any neutral or formal goodbye.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":118,"children":119},{},[120],{"type":28,"value":121},"Leaving a shop, restaurant, taxi, or service interaction.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":123,"children":124},{},[125],{"type":28,"value":126},"Saying goodbye to anyone you have just met or are addressing formally.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":128,"children":129},{},[130],{"type":28,"value":131},"The universal safe default in any Mandarin context.",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":133,"children":134},{},[135,139,141,146,148,153],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":136,"children":137},{},[138],{"type":28,"value":65},{"type":28,"value":140}," is the everyday standard, equivalent to French ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":142,"children":143},{},[144],{"type":28,"value":145},"au revoir",{"type":28,"value":147}," rather than to Spanish ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":149,"children":150},{},[151],{"type":28,"value":152},"adios",{"type":28,"value":154}," which carries more finality.",{"type":22,"tag":52,"props":156,"children":158},{"id":157},"casual-goodbyes",[159],{"type":28,"value":160},"Casual goodbyes",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":162,"children":163},{},[164],{"type":28,"value":165},"The most common casual Mandarin goodbye is genuinely an English loanword:",{"type":22,"tag":167,"props":168,"children":169},"table",{},[170,194],{"type":22,"tag":171,"props":172,"children":173},"thead",{},[174],{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":176,"children":177},"tr",{},[178,184,189],{"type":22,"tag":179,"props":180,"children":181},"th",{},[182],{"type":28,"value":183},"Casual phrase",{"type":22,"tag":179,"props":185,"children":186},{},[187],{"type":28,"value":188},"Translation",{"type":22,"tag":179,"props":190,"children":191},{},[192],{"type":28,"value":193},"Where used",{"type":22,"tag":195,"props":196,"children":197},"tbody",{},[198,217,235,252,270,287,304],{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":199,"children":200},{},[201,207,212],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":203,"children":204},"td",{},[205],{"type":28,"value":206},"Bai bai (拜拜)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":208,"children":209},{},[210],{"type":28,"value":211},"Bye bye",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":213,"children":214},{},[215],{"type":28,"value":216},"Universal casual",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":218,"children":219},{},[220,225,230],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":221,"children":222},{},[223],{"type":28,"value":224},"Bai (拜)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":226,"children":227},{},[228],{"type":28,"value":229},"Bye",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":231,"children":232},{},[233],{"type":28,"value":234},"Casual shortened",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":236,"children":237},{},[238,243,247],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":239,"children":240},{},[241],{"type":28,"value":242},"Hi! Bye!",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":244,"children":245},{},[246],{"type":28,"value":242},{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":248,"children":249},{},[250],{"type":28,"value":251},"Younger urban speakers",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":253,"children":254},{},[255,260,265],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":256,"children":257},{},[258],{"type":28,"value":259},"Zou le (走了)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":261,"children":262},{},[263],{"type":28,"value":264},"(I am) going",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":266,"children":267},{},[268],{"type":28,"value":269},"Casual peer departure",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":271,"children":272},{},[273,278,283],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":274,"children":275},{},[276],{"type":28,"value":277},"Wo zou le (我走了)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":279,"children":280},{},[281],{"type":28,"value":282},"I am going",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":284,"children":285},{},[286],{"type":28,"value":269},{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":288,"children":289},{},[290,295,300],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":291,"children":292},{},[293],{"type":28,"value":294},"Xian zou yi bu (先走一步)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":296,"children":297},{},[298],{"type":28,"value":299},"Going one step first",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":301,"children":302},{},[303],{"type":28,"value":269},{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":305,"children":306},{},[307,312,317],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":308,"children":309},{},[310],{"type":28,"value":311},"Hao de, zai jian (好的, 再见)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":313,"children":314},{},[315],{"type":28,"value":316},"Okay, goodbye",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":318,"children":319},{},[320],{"type":28,"value":321},"Universal everyday",{"type":22,"tag":323,"props":324,"children":326},"h3",{"id":325},"bai-bai-拜拜",[327],{"type":28,"value":206},{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":329,"children":330},{},[331],{"type":28,"value":332},"The English-borrowed casual goodbye that dominates everyday Mandarin departures. The characters 拜拜 are Chinese (literally \"worship-worship\") but the pronunciation and usage come directly from English \"bye-bye.\" Universally used across all Mandarin-speaking regions; appropriate for friends, casual peers, and informal contexts. Not appropriate for formal contexts.",{"type":22,"tag":323,"props":334,"children":336},{"id":335},"zou-le-走了",[337],{"type":28,"value":259},{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":339,"children":340},{},[341],{"type":28,"value":342},"Literally \"going\" or \"leaving.\" Used as a casual departure announcement: \"I am off.\" Often appears as \"wo zou le\" (I am off). Common in workplace and peer contexts when you are physically leaving.",{"type":22,"tag":323,"props":344,"children":346},{"id":345},"xian-zou-yi-bu-先走一步",[347],{"type":28,"value":294},{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":349,"children":350},{},[351],{"type":28,"value":352},"Literally \"go one step first.\" Used when you are leaving before the others - \"I am heading off first.\" Polite casual phrase that acknowledges leaving the group.",{"type":22,"tag":52,"props":354,"children":356},{"id":355},"time-bounded-goodbyes",[357],{"type":28,"value":358},"Time-bounded goodbyes",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":360,"children":361},{},[362],{"type":28,"value":363},"Mandarin has time-bounded goodbye phrases parallel to English \"see you tomorrow\":",{"type":22,"tag":167,"props":365,"children":366},{},[367,387],{"type":22,"tag":171,"props":368,"children":369},{},[370],{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":371,"children":372},{},[373,378,383],{"type":22,"tag":179,"props":374,"children":375},{},[376],{"type":28,"value":377},"Phrase",{"type":22,"tag":179,"props":379,"children":380},{},[381],{"type":28,"value":382},"Characters",{"type":22,"tag":179,"props":384,"children":385},{},[386],{"type":28,"value":188},{"type":22,"tag":195,"props":388,"children":389},{},[390,408,426,444,462,480,498,516],{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":391,"children":392},{},[393,398,403],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":394,"children":395},{},[396],{"type":28,"value":397},"Ming tian jian",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":399,"children":400},{},[401],{"type":28,"value":402},"明天见",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":404,"children":405},{},[406],{"type":28,"value":407},"See you tomorrow",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":409,"children":410},{},[411,416,421],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":412,"children":413},{},[414],{"type":28,"value":415},"Yi hui er jian",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":417,"children":418},{},[419],{"type":28,"value":420},"一会儿见",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":422,"children":423},{},[424],{"type":28,"value":425},"See you in a bit",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":427,"children":428},{},[429,434,439],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":430,"children":431},{},[432],{"type":28,"value":433},"Dai hui jian",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":435,"children":436},{},[437],{"type":28,"value":438},"待会见",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":440,"children":441},{},[442],{"type":28,"value":443},"See you later (Taiwan variant)",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":445,"children":446},{},[447,452,457],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":448,"children":449},{},[450],{"type":28,"value":451},"Hou tian jian",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":453,"children":454},{},[455],{"type":28,"value":456},"后天见",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":458,"children":459},{},[460],{"type":28,"value":461},"See you the day after tomorrow",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":463,"children":464},{},[465,470,475],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":466,"children":467},{},[468],{"type":28,"value":469},"Xia ci jian",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":471,"children":472},{},[473],{"type":28,"value":474},"下次见",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":476,"children":477},{},[478],{"type":28,"value":479},"See you next time",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":481,"children":482},{},[483,488,493],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":484,"children":485},{},[486],{"type":28,"value":487},"Xing qi yi jian",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":489,"children":490},{},[491],{"type":28,"value":492},"星期一见",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":494,"children":495},{},[496],{"type":28,"value":497},"See you on Monday",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":499,"children":500},{},[501,506,511],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":502,"children":503},{},[504],{"type":28,"value":505},"Wan shang jian",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":507,"children":508},{},[509],{"type":28,"value":510},"晚上见",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":512,"children":513},{},[514],{"type":28,"value":515},"See you tonight",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":517,"children":518},{},[519,524,529],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":520,"children":521},{},[522],{"type":28,"value":523},"Yi hou jian",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":525,"children":526},{},[527],{"type":28,"value":528},"以后见",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":530,"children":531},{},[532],{"type":28,"value":533},"See you later (vaguer)",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":535,"children":536},{},[537,539,550,552,557],{"type":28,"value":538},"The pattern: ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":540,"children":541},{},[542,548],{"type":22,"tag":543,"props":544,"children":545},"span",{},[546],{"type":28,"value":547},"time reference",{"type":28,"value":549}," + jian",{"type":28,"value":551}," (see). Universal and productive - you can construct any time-bounded goodbye by combining the time word with ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":553,"children":554},{},[555],{"type":28,"value":556},"jian",{"type":28,"value":558},".",{"type":22,"tag":52,"props":560,"children":562},{"id":561},"special-parting-phrases",[563],{"type":28,"value":564},"Special parting phrases",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":566,"children":567},{},[568],{"type":28,"value":569},"Mandarin has specific phrases for particular departure contexts:",{"type":22,"tag":323,"props":571,"children":573},{"id":572},"when-someone-is-going-on-a-journey",[574],{"type":28,"value":575},"When someone is going on a journey",{"type":22,"tag":74,"props":577,"children":578},{},[579,589,599,609],{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":580,"children":581},{},[582,587],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":583,"children":584},{},[585],{"type":28,"value":586},"Yi lu shun feng",{"type":28,"value":588}," (一路顺风) - \"may the whole road have favourable wind\" - the formal good-journey wish.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":590,"children":591},{},[592,597],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":593,"children":594},{},[595],{"type":28,"value":596},"Yi lu ping an",{"type":28,"value":598}," (一路平安) - \"may the whole road be peaceful\" - safe-journey wish.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":600,"children":601},{},[602,607],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":603,"children":604},{},[605],{"type":28,"value":606},"Zhu nin yi lu shun feng",{"type":28,"value":608}," (祝您一路顺风) - \"I wish you favourable winds on your journey\" - formal.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":610,"children":611},{},[612,617],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":613,"children":614},{},[615],{"type":28,"value":616},"Lu shang xiao xin",{"type":28,"value":618}," (路上小心) - \"be careful on the road\" - casual safe-travel wish.",{"type":22,"tag":323,"props":620,"children":622},{"id":621},"when-someone-is-going-to-bed",[623],{"type":28,"value":624},"When someone is going to bed",{"type":22,"tag":74,"props":626,"children":627},{},[628,638],{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":629,"children":630},{},[631,636],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":632,"children":633},{},[634],{"type":28,"value":635},"Wan an",{"type":28,"value":637}," (晚安) - \"good night\" - the standard bedtime farewell.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":639,"children":640},{},[641,646],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":642,"children":643},{},[644],{"type":28,"value":645},"Zao dian shui",{"type":28,"value":647}," (早点睡) - \"sleep early\" - caring casual wish.",{"type":22,"tag":323,"props":649,"children":651},{"id":650},"when-parting-from-someone-older",[652],{"type":28,"value":653},"When parting from someone older",{"type":22,"tag":74,"props":655,"children":656},{},[657,667],{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":658,"children":659},{},[660,665],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":661,"children":662},{},[663],{"type":28,"value":664},"Nin man zou",{"type":28,"value":666}," (您慢走) - \"you walk slowly\" - the polite host-to-departing-guest phrase. The host (or younger person) says this to the departing person; the implication is \"do not rush, take your time.\"",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":668,"children":669},{},[670,675],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":671,"children":672},{},[673],{"type":28,"value":674},"Lao ren jia bao zhong",{"type":28,"value":676}," (老人家保重) - \"elderly one, take care\" - respectful elder-directed wish.",{"type":22,"tag":323,"props":678,"children":680},{"id":679},"when-parting-at-the-end-of-a-meal",[681],{"type":28,"value":682},"When parting at the end of a meal",{"type":22,"tag":74,"props":684,"children":685},{},[686,696],{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":687,"children":688},{},[689,694],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":690,"children":691},{},[692],{"type":28,"value":693},"Xie xie zhao dai",{"type":28,"value":695}," (谢谢招待) - \"thanks for the hospitality\" - to the host.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":697,"children":698},{},[699,704],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":700,"children":701},{},[702],{"type":28,"value":703},"Wo men gai zou le",{"type":28,"value":705}," (我们该走了) - \"we should be going\" - polite announcement of departure.",{"type":22,"tag":52,"props":707,"children":709},{"id":708},"formal-versus-informal-goodbyes",[710],{"type":28,"value":711},"Formal versus informal goodbyes",{"type":22,"tag":167,"props":713,"children":714},{},[715,736],{"type":22,"tag":171,"props":716,"children":717},{},[718],{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":719,"children":720},{},[721,726,731],{"type":22,"tag":179,"props":722,"children":723},{},[724],{"type":28,"value":725},"Context",{"type":22,"tag":179,"props":727,"children":728},{},[729],{"type":28,"value":730},"Formal",{"type":22,"tag":179,"props":732,"children":733},{},[734],{"type":28,"value":735},"Informal",{"type":22,"tag":195,"props":737,"children":738},{},[739,756,773,790,806],{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":740,"children":741},{},[742,747,751],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":743,"children":744},{},[745],{"type":28,"value":746},"End of business meeting",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":748,"children":749},{},[750],{"type":28,"value":65},{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":752,"children":753},{},[754],{"type":28,"value":755},"Hao de, zai jian \u002F Bai bai",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":757,"children":758},{},[759,764,768],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":760,"children":761},{},[762],{"type":28,"value":763},"Leaving a shop",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":765,"children":766},{},[767],{"type":28,"value":65},{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":769,"children":770},{},[771],{"type":28,"value":772},"Bai bai",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":774,"children":775},{},[776,781,785],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":777,"children":778},{},[779],{"type":28,"value":780},"Parting with friends",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":782,"children":783},{},[784],{"type":28,"value":65},{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":786,"children":787},{},[788],{"type":28,"value":789},"Bai bai \u002F Wo zou le",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":791,"children":792},{},[793,798,802],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":794,"children":795},{},[796],{"type":28,"value":797},"Sending someone off on a journey",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":799,"children":800},{},[801],{"type":28,"value":586},{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":803,"children":804},{},[805],{"type":28,"value":616},{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":807,"children":808},{},[809,814,818],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":810,"children":811},{},[812],{"type":28,"value":813},"Phone call sign-off",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":815,"children":816},{},[817],{"type":28,"value":65},{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":819,"children":820},{},[821],{"type":28,"value":772},{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":823,"children":824},{},[825,827,831,833,837],{"type":28,"value":826},"The Mandarin formal-informal distinction at goodbye is genuinely lighter than at greeting; ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":828,"children":829},{},[830],{"type":28,"value":41},{"type":28,"value":832}," works in both formal and informal contexts safely. ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":834,"children":835},{},[836],{"type":28,"value":772},{"type":28,"value":838}," is the explicit informal variant.",{"type":22,"tag":52,"props":840,"children":842},{"id":841},"goodbye-in-writing",[843],{"type":28,"value":844},"Goodbye in writing",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":846,"children":847},{},[848],{"type":28,"value":849},"Email and message sign-off conventions:",{"type":22,"tag":167,"props":851,"children":852},{},[853,872],{"type":22,"tag":171,"props":854,"children":855},{},[856],{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":857,"children":858},{},[859,864,868],{"type":22,"tag":179,"props":860,"children":861},{},[862],{"type":28,"value":863},"Sign-off",{"type":22,"tag":179,"props":865,"children":866},{},[867],{"type":28,"value":382},{"type":22,"tag":179,"props":869,"children":870},{},[871],{"type":28,"value":725},{"type":22,"tag":195,"props":873,"children":874},{},[875,893,911,929,947,965],{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":876,"children":877},{},[878,883,888],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":879,"children":880},{},[881],{"type":28,"value":882},"Zhu hao (祝好)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":884,"children":885},{},[886],{"type":28,"value":887},"祝好",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":889,"children":890},{},[891],{"type":28,"value":892},"\"Wish well\" - standard casual",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":894,"children":895},{},[896,901,906],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":897,"children":898},{},[899],{"type":28,"value":900},"Shun zhu shi qi (顺祝时祺)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":902,"children":903},{},[904],{"type":28,"value":905},"顺祝时祺",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":907,"children":908},{},[909],{"type":28,"value":910},"\"Wish seasonal good fortune\" - formal",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":912,"children":913},{},[914,919,924],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":915,"children":916},{},[917],{"type":28,"value":918},"Zhi li (致礼)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":920,"children":921},{},[922],{"type":28,"value":923},"致礼",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":925,"children":926},{},[927],{"type":28,"value":928},"\"Send regards\" - formal",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":930,"children":931},{},[932,937,942],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":933,"children":934},{},[935],{"type":28,"value":936},"Ci zhi jing li (此致敬礼)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":938,"children":939},{},[940],{"type":28,"value":941},"此致敬礼",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":943,"children":944},{},[945],{"type":28,"value":946},"\"Hereby send respectful regards\" - very formal",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":948,"children":949},{},[950,955,960],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":951,"children":952},{},[953],{"type":28,"value":954},"An hao (安好)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":956,"children":957},{},[958],{"type":28,"value":959},"安好",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":961,"children":962},{},[963],{"type":28,"value":964},"\"Peace and well-being\" - warm",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":966,"children":967},{},[968,973,978],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":969,"children":970},{},[971],{"type":28,"value":972},"Wen hao (问好)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":974,"children":975},{},[976],{"type":28,"value":977},"问好",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":979,"children":980},{},[981],{"type":28,"value":982},"\"Send greetings\" - friendly",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":984,"children":985},{},[986,988,993,995,1000],{"type":28,"value":987},"The formal Chinese written sign-off is more elaborate than Western equivalents. Business emails to senior contacts use formal sign-offs (",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":989,"children":990},{},[991],{"type":28,"value":992},"ci zhi jing li",{"type":28,"value":994},"); casual workplace emails use lighter ones (",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":996,"children":997},{},[998],{"type":28,"value":999},"zhu hao",{"type":28,"value":1001},").",{"type":22,"tag":52,"props":1003,"children":1005},{"id":1004},"phone-call-goodbye",[1006],{"type":28,"value":1007},"Phone call goodbye",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":1009,"children":1010},{},[1011],{"type":28,"value":1012},"When ending a Mandarin phone call:",{"type":22,"tag":74,"props":1014,"children":1015},{},[1016,1026,1035,1045],{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1017,"children":1018},{},[1019,1024],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1020,"children":1021},{},[1022],{"type":28,"value":1023},"Hao de, zai jian",{"type":28,"value":1025}," - okay, goodbye (universal).",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1027,"children":1028},{},[1029,1033],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1030,"children":1031},{},[1032],{"type":28,"value":772},{"type":28,"value":1034}," - casual.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1036,"children":1037},{},[1038,1043],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1039,"children":1040},{},[1041],{"type":28,"value":1042},"Na xian zhe yang ba",{"type":28,"value":1044}," - \"okay then let's leave it at that\" - polite signing-off.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1046,"children":1047},{},[1048,1053],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1049,"children":1050},{},[1051],{"type":28,"value":1052},"Hao de, jiu zhe yang",{"type":28,"value":1054}," - \"okay, let's leave it at that\" - similar polite.",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":1056,"children":1057},{},[1058],{"type":28,"value":1059},"The Chinese phone-ending convention typically includes a brief acknowledgement phrase (\"okay then\") before the actual goodbye, rather than just dropping into \"goodbye\" immediately.",{"type":22,"tag":52,"props":1061,"children":1063},{"id":1062},"regional-variations",[1064],{"type":28,"value":1065},"Regional variations",{"type":22,"tag":323,"props":1067,"children":1069},{"id":1068},"mainland-china-putonghua",[1070],{"type":28,"value":1071},"Mainland China (Putonghua)",{"type":22,"tag":74,"props":1073,"children":1074},{},[1075,1090,1099],{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1076,"children":1077},{},[1078,1082,1084,1088],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1079,"children":1080},{},[1081],{"type":28,"value":65},{"type":28,"value":1083}," and ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1085,"children":1086},{},[1087],{"type":28,"value":48},{"type":28,"value":1089}," are universal.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1091,"children":1092},{},[1093,1097],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1094,"children":1095},{},[1096],{"type":28,"value":415},{"type":28,"value":1098}," (\"see you in a bit\") is common.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1100,"children":1101},{},[1102,1104,1109],{"type":28,"value":1103},"The formal ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1105,"children":1106},{},[1107],{"type":28,"value":1108},"nin man zou",{"type":28,"value":1110}," (\"walk slowly\") is observed in traditional contexts and with elders.",{"type":22,"tag":323,"props":1112,"children":1114},{"id":1113},"taiwan-guoyu",[1115],{"type":28,"value":1116},"Taiwan (Guoyu)",{"type":22,"tag":74,"props":1118,"children":1119},{},[1120,1133,1148,1153],{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1121,"children":1122},{},[1123,1127,1128,1132],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1124,"children":1125},{},[1126],{"type":28,"value":65},{"type":28,"value":1083},{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1129,"children":1130},{},[1131],{"type":28,"value":48},{"type":28,"value":1089},{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1134,"children":1135},{},[1136,1140,1142,1147],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1137,"children":1138},{},[1139],{"type":28,"value":433},{"type":28,"value":1141}," (\"see you later\") is more common than mainland ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1143,"children":1144},{},[1145],{"type":28,"value":1146},"yi hui er jian",{"type":28,"value":558},{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1149,"children":1150},{},[1151],{"type":28,"value":1152},"Taiwan Mandarin uses traditional characters: 再見 (zai jian) and 拜拜 (bai bai) are the same words spelled in traditional script.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1154,"children":1155},{},[1156],{"type":28,"value":1157},"Taiwanese formal goodbye register is similar to mainland but slightly more elaborate in polite contexts.",{"type":22,"tag":323,"props":1159,"children":1161},{"id":1160},"singapore-huayu",[1162],{"type":28,"value":1163},"Singapore (Huayu)",{"type":22,"tag":74,"props":1165,"children":1166},{},[1167,1176,1184,1189],{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1168,"children":1169},{},[1170,1174],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1171,"children":1172},{},[1173],{"type":28,"value":65},{"type":28,"value":1175}," is universal.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1177,"children":1178},{},[1179,1183],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1180,"children":1181},{},[1182],{"type":28,"value":772},{"type":28,"value":1175},{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1185,"children":1186},{},[1187],{"type":28,"value":1188},"Code-switching with English (\"bye\", \"see you\") is extremely common in casual contexts.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1190,"children":1191},{},[1192],{"type":28,"value":1193},"Singapore Mandarin uses simplified characters as in mainland China.",{"type":22,"tag":323,"props":1195,"children":1197},{"id":1196},"hong-kong",[1198],{"type":28,"value":1199},"Hong Kong",{"type":22,"tag":74,"props":1201,"children":1202},{},[1203,1221],{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1204,"children":1205},{},[1206,1208,1212,1214,1219],{"type":28,"value":1207},"Hong Kong operates primarily in Cantonese. The Mandarin ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1209,"children":1210},{},[1211],{"type":28,"value":41},{"type":28,"value":1213}," is understood but the local Cantonese ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1215,"children":1216},{},[1217],{"type":28,"value":1218},"joi gin",{"type":28,"value":1220}," (再見) is the local idiomatic goodbye.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1222,"children":1223},{},[1224,1228],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1225,"children":1226},{},[1227],{"type":28,"value":772},{"type":28,"value":1229}," is universal in Hong Kong casual contexts (in both Cantonese and Mandarin).",{"type":22,"tag":52,"props":1231,"children":1233},{"id":1232},"a-few-useful-related-phrases",[1234],{"type":28,"value":1235},"A few useful related phrases",{"type":22,"tag":167,"props":1237,"children":1238},{},[1239,1258],{"type":22,"tag":171,"props":1240,"children":1241},{},[1242],{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":1243,"children":1244},{},[1245,1249,1253],{"type":22,"tag":179,"props":1246,"children":1247},{},[1248],{"type":28,"value":377},{"type":22,"tag":179,"props":1250,"children":1251},{},[1252],{"type":28,"value":382},{"type":22,"tag":179,"props":1254,"children":1255},{},[1256],{"type":28,"value":1257},"Meaning",{"type":22,"tag":195,"props":1259,"children":1260},{},[1261,1279,1297,1315,1333,1351,1369],{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":1262,"children":1263},{},[1264,1269,1274],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1265,"children":1266},{},[1267],{"type":28,"value":1268},"Bao zhong (保重)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1270,"children":1271},{},[1272],{"type":28,"value":1273},"保重",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1275,"children":1276},{},[1277],{"type":28,"value":1278},"Take care",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":1280,"children":1281},{},[1282,1287,1292],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1283,"children":1284},{},[1285],{"type":28,"value":1286},"Duo bao zhong (多保重)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1288,"children":1289},{},[1290],{"type":28,"value":1291},"多保重",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1293,"children":1294},{},[1295],{"type":28,"value":1296},"Take great care",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":1298,"children":1299},{},[1300,1305,1310],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1301,"children":1302},{},[1303],{"type":28,"value":1304},"Yi qie shun li (一切顺利)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1306,"children":1307},{},[1308],{"type":28,"value":1309},"一切顺利",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1311,"children":1312},{},[1313],{"type":28,"value":1314},"May everything go smoothly",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":1316,"children":1317},{},[1318,1323,1328],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1319,"children":1320},{},[1321],{"type":28,"value":1322},"Wan shi ru yi (万事如意)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1324,"children":1325},{},[1326],{"type":28,"value":1327},"万事如意",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1329,"children":1330},{},[1331],{"type":28,"value":1332},"May all things go as you wish",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":1334,"children":1335},{},[1336,1341,1346],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1337,"children":1338},{},[1339],{"type":28,"value":1340},"Zhu hao yun (祝好运)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1342,"children":1343},{},[1344],{"type":28,"value":1345},"祝好运",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1347,"children":1348},{},[1349],{"type":28,"value":1350},"Wishing good luck",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":1352,"children":1353},{},[1354,1359,1364],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1355,"children":1356},{},[1357],{"type":28,"value":1358},"Bao chi lian xi (保持联系)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1360,"children":1361},{},[1362],{"type":28,"value":1363},"保持联系",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1365,"children":1366},{},[1367],{"type":28,"value":1368},"Keep in touch",{"type":22,"tag":175,"props":1370,"children":1371},{},[1372,1377,1382],{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1373,"children":1374},{},[1375],{"type":28,"value":1376},"Hou hui you qi (后会有期)",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1378,"children":1379},{},[1380],{"type":28,"value":1381},"后会有期",{"type":22,"tag":202,"props":1383,"children":1384},{},[1385],{"type":28,"value":1386},"We will meet again (formal \u002F poetic)",{"type":22,"tag":52,"props":1388,"children":1390},{"id":1389},"the-handshake-or-nod-at-parting",[1391],{"type":28,"value":1392},"The handshake or nod at parting",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":1394,"children":1395},{},[1396],{"type":28,"value":1397},"Mandarin Chinese culture does not have a cheek-kiss greeting\u002Fparting convention. Physical parting conventions:",{"type":22,"tag":74,"props":1399,"children":1400},{},[1401,1411,1421],{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1402,"children":1403},{},[1404,1409],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1405,"children":1406},{},[1407],{"type":28,"value":1408},"Handshake",{"type":28,"value":1410}," - standard in business contexts.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1412,"children":1413},{},[1414,1419],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1415,"children":1416},{},[1417],{"type":28,"value":1418},"Slight nod \u002F head bow",{"type":28,"value":1420}," - in casual encounters and traditional contexts.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1422,"children":1423},{},[1424,1429],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1425,"children":1426},{},[1427],{"type":28,"value":1428},"No physical contact",{"type":28,"value":1430}," - increasingly common, especially post-Covid.",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":1432,"children":1433},{},[1434],{"type":28,"value":1435},"The Chinese physical-greeting register is more reserved than Mediterranean or Latin American conventions; visitors should not initiate cheek-kisses or hugs.",{"type":22,"tag":52,"props":1437,"children":1439},{"id":1438},"how-to-actually-internalise-these",[1440],{"type":28,"value":1441},"How to actually internalise these",{"type":22,"tag":31,"props":1443,"children":1444},{},[1445],{"type":28,"value":1446},"Three practical recommendations:",{"type":22,"tag":1448,"props":1449,"children":1450},"ol",{},[1451,1479,1489],{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1452,"children":1453},{},[1454,1459,1461,1465,1467,1471,1473,1477],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1455,"children":1456},{},[1457],{"type":28,"value":1458},"Use bai bai as your everyday casual.",{"type":28,"value":1460}," Foreign learners over-deploy ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1462,"children":1463},{},[1464],{"type":28,"value":41},{"type":28,"value":1466}," for every goodbye. Native speakers use ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1468,"children":1469},{},[1470],{"type":28,"value":48},{"type":28,"value":1472}," for casual departures and reserve ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1474,"children":1475},{},[1476],{"type":28,"value":41},{"type":28,"value":1478}," for slightly more formal or neutral contexts. Both are correct; the casual register varies.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1480,"children":1481},{},[1482,1487],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1483,"children":1484},{},[1485],{"type":28,"value":1486},"Add the time-bounded specificity.",{"type":28,"value":1488}," \"Ming tian jian\" when you will see them tomorrow; \"yi hui er jian\" when later today; \"xia ci jian\" when next time. The specificity makes the goodbye warmer.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1490,"children":1491},{},[1492,1497,1499,1503,1505,1510],{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1493,"children":1494},{},[1495],{"type":28,"value":1496},"Master the polite host-guest convention.",{"type":28,"value":1498}," When you are leaving and the host says ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1500,"children":1501},{},[1502],{"type":28,"value":1108},{"type":28,"value":1504}," (\"walk slowly\"), the response is ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1506,"children":1507},{},[1508],{"type":28,"value":1509},"liu bu",{"type":28,"value":1511}," (留步) - \"stay\" or \"do not see me out.\" This brief exchange demonstrates cultural fluency in traditional Chinese contexts.",{"type":22,"tag":52,"props":1513,"children":1515},{"id":1514},"cross-references",[1516],{"type":28,"value":1517},"Cross-references",{"type":22,"tag":74,"props":1519,"children":1520},{},[1521,1535,1547,1559,1571,1583],{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1522,"children":1523},{},[1524,1526,1533],{"type":28,"value":1525},"The ",{"type":22,"tag":1527,"props":1528,"children":1530},"a",{"href":1529},"\u002Fmandarin",[1531],{"type":28,"value":1532},"Mandarin for adult learners pillar",{"type":28,"value":1534}," covers the wider Mandarin learning approach.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1536,"children":1537},{},[1538,1539,1545],{"type":28,"value":1525},{"type":22,"tag":1527,"props":1540,"children":1542},{"href":1541},"\u002Farticles\u002Fhow-to-say-hello-in-mandarin",[1543],{"type":28,"value":1544},"how to say hello in Mandarin article",{"type":28,"value":1546}," covers the greeting register that pairs with goodbyes.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1548,"children":1549},{},[1550,1551,1557],{"type":28,"value":1525},{"type":22,"tag":1527,"props":1552,"children":1554},{"href":1553},"\u002Farticles\u002Fhow-to-say-thank-you-in-mandarin",[1555],{"type":28,"value":1556},"how to say thank you in Mandarin article",{"type":28,"value":1558}," covers the gratitude vocabulary that often appears in departure phrases.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1560,"children":1561},{},[1562,1563,1569],{"type":28,"value":1525},{"type":22,"tag":1527,"props":1564,"children":1566},{"href":1565},"\u002Farticles\u002Fhow-to-say-sorry-in-mandarin",[1567],{"type":28,"value":1568},"how to say sorry in Mandarin article",{"type":28,"value":1570}," covers the apology register.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1572,"children":1573},{},[1574,1575,1581],{"type":28,"value":1525},{"type":22,"tag":1527,"props":1576,"children":1578},{"href":1577},"\u002Fmandarin\u002Faccents",[1579],{"type":28,"value":1580},"Mandarin variety guide",{"type":28,"value":1582}," covers the regional variety choice in detail.",{"type":22,"tag":78,"props":1584,"children":1585},{},[1586,1587,1593,1595,1599],{"type":28,"value":1525},{"type":22,"tag":1527,"props":1588,"children":1590},{"href":1589},"\u002Ftools\u002Fmandarin-tones",[1591],{"type":28,"value":1592},"Mandarin tone trainer",{"type":28,"value":1594}," provides the tone-discrimination practice needed for ",{"type":22,"tag":37,"props":1596,"children":1597},{},[1598],{"type":28,"value":41},{"type":28,"value":1600},"'s two fourth tones.",{"title":7,"searchDepth":1602,"depth":1602,"links":1603},2,[1604,1605,1611,1612,1618,1619,1620,1621,1627,1628,1629,1630],{"id":54,"depth":1602,"text":57},{"id":157,"depth":1602,"text":160,"children":1606},[1607,1609,1610],{"id":325,"depth":1608,"text":206},3,{"id":335,"depth":1608,"text":259},{"id":345,"depth":1608,"text":294},{"id":355,"depth":1602,"text":358},{"id":561,"depth":1602,"text":564,"children":1613},[1614,1615,1616,1617],{"id":572,"depth":1608,"text":575},{"id":621,"depth":1608,"text":624},{"id":650,"depth":1608,"text":653},{"id":679,"depth":1608,"text":682},{"id":708,"depth":1602,"text":711},{"id":841,"depth":1602,"text":844},{"id":1004,"depth":1602,"text":1007},{"id":1062,"depth":1602,"text":1065,"children":1622},[1623,1624,1625,1626],{"id":1068,"depth":1608,"text":1071},{"id":1113,"depth":1608,"text":1116},{"id":1160,"depth":1608,"text":1163},{"id":1196,"depth":1608,"text":1199},{"id":1232,"depth":1602,"text":1235},{"id":1389,"depth":1602,"text":1392},{"id":1438,"depth":1602,"text":1441},{"id":1514,"depth":1602,"text":1517},"markdown","content:articles:how-to-say-goodbye-in-mandarin.md","content","articles\u002Fhow-to-say-goodbye-in-mandarin.md","articles\u002Fhow-to-say-goodbye-in-mandarin","md",1780941685602]